- What is a 3D Model 

A computer generated is the process of developing a mathematical representation of any surface of an object (either inanimate or living) in three dimensions via specialized software.

- History of 3D Modeling 

One of the first displays of computer animation was Futureworld (1976), which included an animation of a human face and a hand that had originally appeared in the 1972 experimental short A Computer Animated Hand, created by University of Utah students Edwin Catmull and Fred Parke.

- Software used to 3D Model 

• The most popular 3D modeling software to use as a beginner is blender because of all the features it has, as it can do what some of the big softwares can do but blender is free. And will be the one i will be using to make my 3D models. 
• Cinema 4D 

L.O To be able to understand what polygons are used for in 3d modelling - RED

Polygon - A polygon mesh is a collection of vertices, edges and faces that defines the shape of a polyhedral object in3D computer graphics and solid modeling.

Low poly is a polygon mesh in 3D computer graphics that has a relatively small number of polygons. Low poly is used in both a technical and a descriptive sense; the number of polygons in a mesh is an important factor to optimize for performance but can give an undesirable appearance to the resulting of low graphics. 

- Advantages of low poly 

Low poly games aren't as demanding as other games. This allows the game ot be played by a larger audience as players won't need a high demanding computer to run/play the game. This approach to games leads to faster load times as the engine doesn't have to load high detail assets. Also low poly assets are faster to create and sometimes don't even require you to texture them. This allows the developers to spend more time developing game mechanics, storyline, etc. sometimes creating a more fun game to play. A big advantage to low poly games is they don't have to keep updating there graphics to keep up with the technology as they are not going for realism, as most realistic games every year have to make a new game or make updates to keep up to date with graphics and performance.

- Disadvantages of low poly 

Low poly games require more work sometimes as they are difficult to create  visually appealing. To create a good appealing low poly game it requires good lighting to make it look dynamic and appealing to the players. The second thing is level of detail, most game use it to improve the performance of the game. It involves using low poly models in the distance that the player can't see, but if the player gets closer it replaced by a higher poly version. However low poly games must use level of detail to look visually appealing if they gave a large or open world map. Using LOD takes a lot of time to set up as it requires the designer to create multiple versions of each model starting with regular low poly, lower low poly and super low poly. 

Triangles - 3 vertices, 3 edges, etc

Quad - 4 vertices, 4 edges etc 

n-gons -  Anything after 4 

L.O. To be able to understand what an orthographic drawing is. 

- Orthographic Drawing 

Orthographic drawing is a 2d drawing of a 3d object using 2 or more drawing to shows the different views from different angles. 

Example: Front, Back, Top, Right Side, Left side, and bottom. 

- Orthographic drawings used in games 

Orthographic drawings would be used in games when modeling anything to get a perspective of the object before you start modeling. It's also can be used to get the dimensions right so all your objects are scaled accurately.

L.O. To be able to understand what vertex Colour information is 

Vertex colour is just a colour with RGB and A channels stored for each vertex of a mesh. It’s a pretty standard, pretty old and classic 3D feature. Originally, the main use of vertex color was to allow color variations on large 3D surfaces with a single or limited number of textures. With a dense mesh, you can have vertex color fitting closely to small details but with large polygons you may end up with only gradients which may betray the triangular nature of your 3D scene. 

L.O. To be able to understand the creation and use of convex collision hulls 

Definition -

Term for an abstract representation of the 3D world and the collider, Player can't see it ( Trigger). Collider have to be accurate to the player model or object as it provides the logic behind the player movements and actions in the game. It also determines where the player can be hit ( Hitbox).

A material is made up of several different, specialized texture images, each with its own very special purpose. Each separate texture controls a different attribute of the final material, each texture is unique and important. Textures are flat images that get applied to 3D objects. They are responsible for models being colorful and interesting instead of blank and boring. It can be strange to think that a 2D image can be applied to a 3D model.

L.O. To be able to understand what 3d modeling is 

There are different types of coordinate system

- Cartesian Coordinates 

Cartesian coordinates are the most use coordinate system. For any particular point, there is an x-, y-, and z-coordinate, which typically correspond to how far the object is left and right, forward and back, and up and down respectively. That specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates.

- Cylindrical Coordinates 

Cylindrical coordinates is when your game has symmetry around an axis. This system has three coordinates, r, theta, and z. r is the distance to the point in the xy-plane, theta is the angle to the point in the xy-plane, and z is how far up or down the point is. Three-dimensional coordinate system that specifies point positions by the distance from a chosen reference axis.

- Spherical Coordinates 

This system is best used when a game has symmetry around a point. It, too, has three coordinates, ρ, which is the distance to a point, θ, which is the angle in the xy-plane to the point, and ϕ, which is the angle the point makes from the z-axis (strait up). Three-dimensional space where the position of a point is specified by three numbers: the radial distance of that point from a fixed origin, its polar angle measured from a fixed zenith direction.

L.O. To be able to understand what UV mapping is 

UV Mapping is putting a 2D texture on to a 3D object. UV texturing permits polygons that make up a 3D object to be painted with color (and other surface attributes) from an ordinary image. The image is called a UV texture map. It only maps into a texture space rather than into the geometric space of the object..

Digital modelling is used for buildings, engineering and games development. This involves computer aided design to create colossal objects which may act as concepts for future objects. 4 different types of model, surface, mesh, solid and wireframe.